Testing standards and methods of flame retardant fabrics
After special production technology finishing, it can effectively prevent the spread of flame. The textiles after flame retardant finishing will not burn when contacting the fire source, but make the fabrics reduce their flammability in the flame, slow down the speed of spread, and do not form large-area combustion; After leaving the flame, it can quickly self extinguish and no longer burn or smolder. It has good durable washing performance.
The main processes include: THPC (water-soluble flame retardant penetrates into the fiber, turns into polymer after ammonia fumigation chemical reaction, and permanently crosslinks with the fiber), CP (pyrovatex)
American Standard
The National Fire Protection Association has formulated a series of standards for the technical performance of different flame-retardant protective clothing, and nfpa2112 is mainly related to flame-retardant fabrics
NFPA 2112 standard for personal protective flame retardant clothing for industrial use
The flame retardant test adopts the vertical combustion method specified in ASTM d6413 standard, and the materials must meet the following requirements after testing:
The average carbonization length shall not exceed 102 mm. The average afterburning time shall not exceed 2S. There shall be no molten drops after the sample is ignited. For multi-layer materials, each layer needs to be tested separately and pass the above requirements.
Other test contents include:
Indirect HTP (heat transfer performance) ≥ 25j/c ㎡ (6.0 cal/c ㎡) direct HTP (heat transfer performance) ≥ 12.6j/c ㎡ (3.0 cal/c ㎡) thermal shrinkage ≤ 10% flash fire ≤ 50% (exposed area, hands and feet)
EU standard
The EU flame retardant test standards for protective clothing are mainly formulated by the European Technical Commission (cen/tc), and the current standards include EN ISO 11611:2007, EN ISO 11612:2008, and ENISO 14116:2008/ac:2009
En11611:2007 protective clothing for welding and similar processes
The test is carried out in accordance with ISO 15025:2000 standard, including surface combustion and vertical combustion. Depending on the type of material, one or two methods can be selected for testing. For surface burning tests, the material must meet the following requirements:
Any test sample shall not burn and spread to the edge or upper end of the fabric after being ignited. No holes shall be formed after any test sample is ignited. After any test sample is ignited, there shall be no burning droplets or molten objects falling. The average afterburning time must be less than or equal to 2S. The average smoldering time must be less than or equal to 2S.
EN ISO 11611 divides the fire-retardant safety level into class 1 and class 2. The technical indicators of the two levels are the same, and the material must meet the above requirements for surface and bottom combustion.
En11612:2007 protective clothing for workers operating in high temperature environment
This standard has made requirements for the overall performance, structural design, dimensional stability, flame spread, heat resistance and molten metal performance, size mark and shipping mark of the fabric. The flame retardant test method is implemented in accordance with ISO 15025 standard, and the flame retardant performance requirements are consistent with en11611, but EN ISO 11612 standard does not divide the safety level.
Chinese standards
The standard GB 8965.1-2009 for fire protection clothing and welding clothing issued by the General Administration of quality supervision, inspection and Quarantine of the people's Republic of China and the National Standardization Administration of China
Gb8965-1:2009 grade B
The flame retardancy test shall be carried out in accordance with gb/t 5455-1997 vertical combustion method, class B standard requirements
Afterburning time ≤ 2S smoldering time ≤ 2S damage length ≤ 100mm no molten drops allowed
test method
1 vertical method
This test method stipulates that the sample is placed vertically (the length direction of the sample is perpendicular to the horizontal line), the combustion source ignites the sample below the sample, and the minimum ignition time, afterburning time, flame retardancy time, flame spread speed, carbonization length (damage length), carbonization area (damage area) and other indicators related to flame retardancy of the test sample. The vertical burning method is mainly used for flame retardant testing of fabrics such as clothing textiles and curtains.
Common vertical test standards:
Gb/t 5455 textile flammability test
Gb/t 8745 Textiles - Flammability - Determination of surface burning time of fabrics
Ca TB117 California fire retardant test
16 CFR 1615/1616 flammability standard for children's pajamas
245 ° tilt method
This test method stipulates that the sample is placed at an angle of 45 ° (the length direction of the sample forms an angle of 45 ° with the horizontal line), the combustion source is on the upper or lower surface below the sample to ignite the sample, and the time required for the sample to burn upward for a certain distance is measured, or the afterburning, flame retardation time, flame spread speed, carbonization length Indications related to flame retardancy, such as carbonization area or the number of times to contact the flame when measuring the combustion of the sample to a certain distance from the lower end of the sample. The 45 ° tilt method is mainly used for flame retardant testing of carpets and other fabrics.
Common tilt test standards:
Gb/t 14645 flammability of textile fabrics Determination of damage area and number of flame exposure in 45 ° direction
ASTM D 1230 test method for flammability of clothing textiles
NFPA 702 flame retardant standard for California hospital clothing and bedding fabrics
BIFMA interior decoration material test standard
3 Horizontal method
This test method requires that the sample be placed horizontally, ignite at the head end of the sample, measure the spread distance of the flame on the sample and the time it takes to spread this distance, calculate the combustion rate, and use the combustion rate to characterize the flame retardancy of the fabric. The horizontal method is mainly used for the flame retardant test of automotive interior decoration materials.
Common horizontal method test standards:
Fz/t 01028 textile fabrics -- Determination of flammability -- Horizontal method
GB 8410 combustion characteristics of automotive interior materials
Combustion performance of interior decorative materials of fmvss302 (USA) federal transportation vehicles
IEC 60695-11-10 fire hazard test part 11-10: Test Method for 50W horizontal and vertical flames.
Time：2021-08-16
Number of Views:1525
2021 China (Shandong) International Textile Expo will open soon
Time：2021-08-16
Number of Views:1692
New fire safety regulations for high-rise civil buildings are coming
The top priority is to prevent fire safety and prohibit all kinds of unsafe behaviors. The regulations prohibit unauthorized installation, modification and removal of gas equipment and appliances in violation of the regulations on the safe use of gas. It is forbidden to use liquefied petroleum gas in the underground part of high-rise civil buildings. It is forbidden to produce, store and deal in class A and class B fire hazardous substances in high-rise civil buildings in violation of state regulations. It is forbidden to occupy the cable well, pipe well, or stack sundries in the cable well, pipe well and other vertical pipe wells.
Among them, "no parking of electric bicycles in the corridor" has become a hot topic. The regulations prohibit parking or charging electric bicycles in public halls, evacuation corridors, staircases and emergency exits of high-rise civil buildings. Then, how do residents park their electric bicycles? How to charge? The regulation also gives a solution: "it is encouraged to set up places for centralized storage and charging of electric bicycles in high-rise residential areas. The places for storage and charging of electric bicycles should be set up independently and keep a safe distance from high-rise civil buildings; if it is really necessary to set up in high-rise civil buildings, it should be separated from other parts of the building by fire prevention." "The storage and charging places of electric bicycles should be equipped with necessary fire-fighting equipment, and the charging facilities should have the function of full automatic power-off."
The regulations also clarify the relevant legal responsibilities. The maximum fine for seven acts is 10000 yuan. （1） Carrying out electric welding, gas welding and other open fire operations in high-rise civil buildings, failing to carry out fire approval procedures, make announcements, or fail to implement on-site monitoring measures for fire protection; （2） Outdoor billboards and decorations set up in high-rise civil buildings hinder smoke control and smoke extraction, escape and fire fighting and rescue, or change or damage the fire-proof structure of the building facade; （3） Failing to set suggestive and warning signs for external thermal insulation materials of external walls, or failing to timely repair the damaged, cracked and fallen external thermal insulation system of external walls; （4） Failing to implement the duty system of the fire control room in accordance with the regulations, or arranging personnel who do not have the corresponding conditions to be on duty; （5） Failing to establish full-time fire brigades, volunteer fire brigades and other fire-fighting organizations in accordance with the provisions; （6） The fire-fighting facilities of buildings that need to be stopped due to maintenance are not announced, emergency plans are not formulated, or preventive measures are not implemented; （7） Parking or charging electric bicycles in public halls, evacuation corridors, staircases, and emergency exits of high-rise civil buildings, and refusing to correct.
Time：2021-08-16
Number of Views:1715
Those family fire safety knowledge you have to know
1. The "three prohibitions" of residential corridors: no sundries are allowed in the corridors, no electric vehicles are allowed in the corridors, and no sundries are allowed in the pipe shafts.
2. Always keep the "four treasures" of family fire safety at home: fire extinguishers, smoke masks, flashlights, and fire blankets
3. Before going out, be sure to check that the electrical outlet at home has been disconnected and the gas switch has been turned off. Don't let the child alone at home.
4. In the initial stage of the fire, first dial the "119" fire alarm number, and then tell the route and house number. If there is a fire blanket, cover it with a blanket or quilt, and then put it out. You can also put out the fire with water. But if the electrical appliance is on fire, you must first cut off the power supply, and the gas and liquefied gas stoves must first close the valves, and then put out the fire. In addition, combustibles and liquefied gas tanks should be transferred to a safe place.
5. Try not to let children into the kitchen, but also teach children not to play with fire and stove, and not to touch power switches, sockets, wires, etc. with wet hands. After cooking in the kitchen, turn off the fire before leaving. If the oil pan is on fire, close the valve and cover it directly or cover it with a wet rag.
6. Don't connect and pull wires randomly, and don't buy inferior wires for cheap. In addition, regularly check whether the wires are aging. Do not overload the circuit.
7. Do not put inflammables and explosives near the stove, such as gasoline, alcohol, etc.
8. Unplug the power plug after using the electric fan and electric mattress, and don't work continuously for a long time. Don't let water or metal objects enter the fan and electric mattress, so as to avoid short circuit.
9. When smoking, you must use an ashtray to collect the ash, so as not to fall on the fabric and cause a fire. Before throwing away the cigarette butts, you should press hard in the ashtray.
10. We should also pay attention to the aging of wires. It is best to choose high-quality wires when decorating. This kind of fluorine-containing wires will be more corrosion-resistant, high temperature resistant and aging resistant, such as tesu Wang wires.
Time：2021-08-16
Number of Views:1651